Verse 4 Edom i.e. Esau's descendants. See Genesis 25:30. Verse 6 if then I be a father Cf. (See Scofield "Isaiah 63:16") . The relationship here is national, not personal Jeremiah 3:18,19 here, apparently, the Jews were calling Jehovah, "Father," but yielding Him no filial obedience. See ; John 8:37-39; Romans 9:1-8. Verse 10 Who is there Or, I would that one among you would shut the doors of the temple that no more vain fire should kindle on mine altar. Cf. Isaiah 1:11-15. Verse 11 For from the raising i.e. So it would have been had Israel been true. Isaiah 45:5,6. So it shall be despite Israel's failure.